全国くらしの工芸展 11/25（金）〜11/27（日）　会場：サンドーム福井

大阪浪華錫器

Osaka Naniwa Pewter Ware

金工品

大阪府

Osaka

錫器が日本に伝えられたのは、今から約1300年程前、遣隋使の手によるものと言われています。
鎌倉時代初期に栄西が現在の中国の宋に渡り、茶壷作り職人を連れて来たのが錫職人のルーツとも言われています。江戸時代の中期に大阪に産地が形成されました。

Pewter ware was first introduced to Japan some 1,300 years ago by envoys from China. Later during the early part of the Kamakura period (1185-1333), the Zen monk Eisai visited Sung dynasty China and returned with a maker of tea urns. His skills with pewter are said to mark the real beginning of this craft in Japan. It was not until the 18th century, however, that a production center was established in Osaka.Pewter is a very stable metal. It is ideal for such things as a sake flask as it does not affect the delicate flavors of this rice wine, and the taste of water kept in a pewter container is improved by an ionic action. It is also good for flower vases and especially good for the storage of such things as tea, which would deteriorate in anything less than an air-tight container due to high temperature and humidity. With 8 nationally recognized Master Craftsmen among the 21 employed, there are still 7 firms making a wide range of articles such as religious ornaments, and sake cups, expressive of this distinctive metal.

堺打刃物

Sakai Forged Blades

金工品

大阪府

Osaka

16世紀の中頃、ポルトガル人によって鉄砲、たばこが伝来しました。16世紀の後半には、たばこの葉を刻む「たばこ包丁」が堺で作られるようになり、徳川幕府は堺に「極印」という品質証明の印を与え、専売を許可したために、堺刃物の切れ味と名声は全国各地へと広がりました。
江戸時代中期には、出刃包丁が出現し、その後各種の包丁が作られるようになりました。

Guns and tobacco were introduced into Japan in the middle of the 16th century by the Portuguese. By the end of that century, small tobacco knives were being forged in Sakai and the Tokugawa Shogunate awarded the forgers of Sakai a special seal of approval and guarantee of their quality. Sakai was also granted exclusive selling rights and the reputation of the cutting edge of Sakai forged blades spread throughout the land as a result. Then in the middle of the Edo period (1600-1868), the deba-bocho or pointed knife appeared and was followed by knives of every description, mainly used in the preparation of food.Japanese cooks have a complete range of kitchen knives for every purpose and most of those are said to have Sakai forged blades. The special feature of these knives is the finely ground edge and point and their reputation is as good as ever. There are now 215 firms employing 1,236 people, among whom 28 are government recognized Master Craftsmen sustaining and leading this craft.

大阪泉州桐簞笥

Osaka Senshu Paulownia Chests

木竹品

大阪府

Osaka

農業をするかたわらに行われた、近所で採れるキハダやキリの木を使った、箱等の簡単な指物作りは、江戸時代中期に始まったと言われています。江戸時代後期から明治時代にかけて一大産地を形成しました。
キリの柾目（まさめ）を活かし、木釘と各種組み接ぎ（くみつぎ）技法を凝らした組立から、磨き着色に至るまで、伝統技法を脈々と伝えています。

Sometime during the 18th century, farmers started making boxes and other simple pieces of cabinetry during slack times of the year, using locally obtained paulownia (Paulownia Sieb. et Zucc.) and cork-tree (Phellodendron Rupr.). This "cottage industry" grew in stature by leaps and bounds after the middle of the 19th century and is still thriving. The traditions of this craft are kept alive by making full use of the quarter-saw boards of the paulownia, which are pieced together using wooden pins and a variety of joints, and then the surfaces are polished and lightly colored.Because the paulownia is air-dried and seasoned for one to two years prior to being made up, impurities tend not to appear on the surface. Solid boards of paulownia in excess of 20 mm thick are used, especially for the drawer fronts and doors. The wood for this is quarter-sawn in order to express the tightly packed grain of the wood and the finishing of these boards is particularly fine and demands a great deal of skill. There are 9 firms with 72 employees, and 18 nationally recognized Master Craftsmen who are protecting the time-honored techniques of a piece of furniture that, if treated well, should last for a hundred years or more.

大阪唐木指物

Osaka Fine Cabinetry

木竹品

大阪府

Osaka

唐木製品は、奈良時代の遣唐使によって持ち帰られました。珍しい木が使われていたため、この木を唐の木、唐木と呼んだことが唐木指物のいわれです。
江戸時代に入ると唐木材はすべて長崎に運び込まれ、大阪の薬種問屋がこれを引き受けていました。大阪の唐木製品は手作りで、伝統的な技術・技法を用いて、現在の生活様式に合うように工夫、改良されています。

Fine rarewood cabinetry was brought to Japan by the envoys who visited Tang dynasty China, hence the name of these woods in Japanese is literally "woods of Tang" or karaki. During the Edo period (1600-1868) when foreign intrusions were mostly shunned, rarewoods come into the country via Nagasaki and they were distributed through a wholesaler of medicines in Osaka. Currently, the same rarewoods and traditional techniques are being used to make not only traditional articles but also ones consistent with today's life-style such as cabinets, tables and boxes. The lasting qualities and general acknowledgment which fine pieces of furniture and cabinetry made of such rarewoods as sandalwood and ebony command is unfailing.The band of craftsmen skilled in working these woods is small, now numbering 170, with 21 nationally recognized Master Craftsmen among them. There are 43 firms situated in a number of areas making boxes, stands, desks and other finely crafted pieces of cabinetry.

大阪欄間

Osaka Transoms

木竹品

大阪府

Osaka

大阪欄間の始まりは17世紀初期で、大阪府内の聖神社や四天王寺等にその伝統技法のもととなる技術がみられます。
その後、江戸時代中期には商家を中心とした一般の住宅の茶の間、客間等の鴨居（かもい）の上に、光を取り入れたり風通しを良くするという実用性と、品格を表すための室内装飾として取り付けられました。

The origins of this craft date back to the beginning of the 17th century and the traditional woodworking skills that can be seen at Osaka's Hijiri Shrine and Shiteno-ji temple. Gradually during the 18th century, transoms were mainly introduced into merchant's houses not only for practical reasons of ventilation and lighting but also as a decorative element capable of raising the quality of interior space, especially in rooms where guest would be received.There are many types of transom. The bold carving of one type helps to bring out the best qualities of the grain of the special Yaku cedar from which it is made. A wonderful balance between the grain of paulownia and open-work in the design is achieved in another. Some are strict bars or a repeat of one element, others are grills. Still others are not much more than a frame but all are pieces of decoration with a function. Despite the fall in the number of traditional houses being built, they make screens, picture frames, and there are still 22 firms with 77 employees and 21 nationally recognized Master Craftsmen working on this fitting that is so special to the Japanese house interior.